Non-invasive & Invasive Evaluation of patients with Carotid and Peripheral Vascular Diseases ICD Follow-upsFollow-up visits to check an Implantable CardioverterDefibrillator. (An implanted device that detects abnormal rhythm of the heart and delivers an electric impulse which restores the normal rhythm.)

Angioplasty - A non-surgical procedure using a balloon catheter to dilate (open) blockages in the coronary arteries of the heart. 

Cardiac Catheterization - (May include Coronary Arteriography) A special procedure where a catheter is inserted into a blood vessel in either the leg, arm or neck and advanced into the heart to record mea suremcnts of blood pressures and cardiac output. In addition, dye may be injected into certain parts of the heart, as well as the overlying coronary arteries, in order to visualize accurately whether or not any obstruction to blood flow, ie blockages exist.

Cardiac Nuclear Imaging Acquisition of heart images utilizing injection of a radioactive pharmaceutical agent.

Echocardiography - A diagnostic technique using ultrasound to examine the structures of the heart and blood flow through different parts of the heart.

EKG Interpretations - A graphic recording of the electrical impulses of the heart to evaluate heart rhythm and conduction.

Endomyocardial Biopsy - Biopsy of muscle of heart wall.

Event Recorders - A portable recorder used to record the rhythm of the heart during an episode of symptoms or an "event". These recordings may be transmitted via telephone for interpretation. These recorders are typically kept at the home of the patient for a 30 day period.

Exercise Stress Testing - A study performed while the patient exercises to measure patient's cardiovascular performance and to assess cardiac limitations.

Holtor Monitor - A portable, continuous, 24-hour electrocardiographic recorder used to monitor frequency and duration of cardiac rhythm disturbances.

Permanent Pacemaker Insertions - Insertion of a small battery device to control the heart rhythm of patients with abnormal heart rhythms.

Pacemaker Follow - upsPeriodic visits required after a Pacemaker is inserted. During these visits, the Pacemaker is checked to verify that the leads and batteries are functioning properly.

Swan Ganz Catheters for Hemodynamic Monitoring - Insertion of a catheter into the heart to assess cardiac performance of critically ill patients.

Temporary Cardiac Pacing - Temporary implantation of cardiac pacemaker to help stabilize some patients until a permanent pacemaker can be implanted, if necessary.

Transesophageal Echocardiography - A method of obtaining twodimensional cardiographic images via the introduction of a transducer into the esophagus. This procedure is useful in imaging and visualization of structures of the heart which otherwise could not be seen with routine echocardiography.